Universal Telecommunications Service In India
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Overview: This research paper evaluates Indias universal service policies. Nearly every country in the world, including India, has policies intended to promote universal access to telecommunications services, despite the absence of evidence of a market failure in the industry. Universal service policies typically involve cross-subsidies among types of telecom consumers and among telecom providers. Indias New Telecom Policy of 1999 set goals of providing telephone and Internet access in all villages by 2002. This plan was not successful, so in 2003 DoT established a program to subsidize some telecommunications services in Indian villages.

